The Atomic Bomb in World War II Essay Example For Students

The Atomic Bomb in World War II Essay The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki marked the end to the worlds largest armed conflict. Many debates have surfaced over the ethics of such an attack. The bomb itself caused massive amounts of casualties while the unknown effects of radiation caused many more deaths amongst the survivors of the blast. Despite the ghastly effects of such a weapon, it offered the best choice for a quick and easy defeat of Japan. President Truman, who authorized the use of the atomic bomb, made a wise decision under the circumstances of the war. We will write a custom essay on The Atomic Bomb in World War II specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Japanese refusal to surrender, the massive amount of allied casualties involved in invading the Japanese mainland and the ineffectuality of a military blockade in forcing Japan to surrender made the bomb a necessary last resort. There were several conventional methods that were suggested to bring Japan to its knees. These included a naval blockade, an extensive aerial bombardment or an invasion of the island of Japan. Japan posed little or no offensive threat to American forces. Despite this fact the Japanese were the most tenacious and driven of Americas foes throughout the war. The battles for Okinawa, Wake and Guam all were ample testament to the Japanese willingness to die in the face of overwhelming odds. The kamikaze was a perfect example of the Japanese battle attitude. Japanese pilots would strap themselves into planes laden with explosives and fly them into American ships. By the wars conclusion the Japanese kamikaze attacks had sunk 3 aircraft carriers damaged 285 craft and sunk a total of 34. The Japanese also did well in increasing support for the war effort. Both scientist and publicists were in fact powerful instruments inflaming popular hatred against the democratic countries and in regimenting the people into blindly supporting the war of aggrandizement. (p. 100) This resolve would only have been strengthened had American and Russian forces tried to invade Japan. This almost suicidal type of fighting would have resulted in a tremendous amount of casualties for both sides. American casualties alone were projected at 500,000. The amount of deaths caused by an invasion would have easily dwarfed those of the atomic bombings. Air power offered American forces a method of remaining relatively unscathed against the fanatical Japanese military while laying waste to entire cities. This was possible because while Japanese ground forces remained strong, air defenses had been severely weakened. This gave American bombers free reign over the skies of Japan. American bombing raids over Japan were inflicting massive amounts of casualties and causing tremendous damage to Japanese cities. In fact the atomic bombing of Hiroshima or Nagasaki was not as devastating as conventional bombing raids over Tokyo or to previous bombing raids over European cities, most notably Dresden. In March, 1945, our Air Force had launched the first incendiary raid on the Tokyo area. In this raid more damage was done and more casualties were inflicted than was the case at Hiroshima. (p. 99) Therefore it is very plausible that had the atomic weapons not been dropped over Hiroshima and Nagasaki the number of conventional bombings casualties of the continued air raids would have been much greater than those of the atomic bombings. The last credible strategy that would force Japan to surrender would be a naval blockade. This would involve the Navy patrolling the waters around Japan and stopping any supplies from getting through. Japan had sufficient military supplies to fight off an American invasion despite a blockade. This meant that if the blockade were to be successful the Japanese would have to be starved into surrendering. The Japanese mainland could not produce enough food to sustain its massive population for very long. Had a blockade been attempted, any remaining food supplies would have been allocated to the military forces leaving the civilian population to starve. This would have lead to a massive amount of deaths due to starvation amongst the civilian population. .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e , .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e .postImageUrl , .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e , .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e:hover , .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e:visited , .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e:active { border:0!important; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e:active , .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub2e0d99979b1f7302a211fbd7bc6872e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mahatma Gandhi and Indian cinema Essay This strategy would have lead only to the death of civilians and not weakened the Japanese military or brought Japan closer to surrender. The side effects of atomic weaponry had not been discovered at the time that Truman gave the order to drop the bomb over Hiroshima. Scientist and military personnel who knew about the atomic bomb were not aware of its radiation side effects. Therefore President Truman was also unaware of these effects when he made the decision to drop the bombs. This is very important because the atomic bomb was seen just as a really, really big conventional bomb. With the information that Truman had been given, dropping an atomic bomb was much like a conventional bombing raid. The atomic bomb provided tactical advantages in addition to its awesome political power. But the atomic bomb was more than a weapon of terrible destruction; it was a psychological weapon. (p.99) Only one plane needed to be fuelled, crewed and maintained. The risk of being shot down was drastically lower that of a squadron of planes needed to wreak the same amount of havoc. We now know of the deadly lasting effects of atomic weaponry, but these side effects were unheard of during the war. To Truman in the military aspect the atomic bomb was no different than ordering a squadron of bombers to level Hiroshima with firebombs. It must be stressed that to Truman the bomb did not fall into the military taboo of chemical weapons or poising wells, but instead appeared to be a very powerful conventional bomb. Before the bombs had been dropped the Japanese government was at a standstill over matters of peace. The roughly equal civilian and military parties were locked in a struggle over surrender. The only way in which surrender could be achieved is if a consensus could be achieved amongst the parties. The military leaders refused to back down, unwilling to accept defeat and dishonor. The massive toll that American bombing attacks were taking on Japan had no effect on the military leaders who ready to fight to the end. Had this deadlock remained the Japanese would have fought until they all starved to death because of a blockade or had been bombed into oblivion. Only when the atomic bombs were dropped the deadlock was broken and peace achieved. This act caused the Japanese emperor to end the political deadlock and demand surrender. He (the Emperor) hardly would have dared to do so until the explosion of the atomic bomb destroyed the argument that Japan could secure a better peace if it continued to refuse to surrender unconditionally. (p. 99) This was a rare event indeed as the emperor traditionally left politics to the politicians. Even thereafter, the Army heads accepted the decision to surrender only because the Emperors openly declared conclusion relieved them of shame and humiliation, and lessened their fear of disobedience by their subordinates. (p.99) The demand for peace showed the amount of political power that the bomb held. For without a doubt it was the atomic bomb that caused Japan to surrender. It was a forceful enough message to prod the normally withdrawn emperor into action for peace. In the unconditional surrender that the United States presented the Japanese government it was demanded that the Emperor be removed from his god-like state of power. Some historians criticized this clause because they felt it might have prevented the Japanese government from deciding to surrender before the atomic bombs were dropped. The Emperor was so highly revered in Japan that his removal would only occur under the most dire of circumstances. The Japanese military leaders would never have allowed this to happen without direct intervention by the Emperor. Even if the United States had agreed to allow the Emperor to stay in power the Japanese would have not agreed to surrender. It was defeat, not the terms of the defeat that the Japanese military leaders so vehemently opposed. .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e , .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e .postImageUrl , .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e , .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e:hover , .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e:visited , .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e:active { border:0!important; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e:active , .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud87c97c9e18965bbf1d7cf9b5b54b49e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Tess Of The Durbervilles Essay Thesis The American public wholeheartedly backed the unconditional surrender of Japan. A Gallup Poll in June had shown that a mere fraction of Americans, only 7 percent, thought he had should be retained after the war, even as a puppet, while a full third of the people though he should be executed as a war criminal. (p.112) In respect of the American lives sacrificed, nothing but unconditional surrender would have sufficed. Unconditional surrender was an objective too long established, too often proclaimed; it had been too great a rallying cry from the time of Pearl Harbor to abandon now, Byrnes insisted. Truman had reaffirmed it as a policy in his first speech to Congress on April 16. (p.112) In addition to these factors a negotiated peace would be tantamount to political suicide. Politically it would be disastrous, Byres was also sure. (p.112) The very idea of negotiation with Japan seemed deplorable the vast majority of Americans. It has also been argued that a demonstration could have been held for Japanese officials on an uninhabited island. This, if it had worked, would have spared Hiroshima and Nagasaki devastation while still revealing the atom bombs fantastic power to the Japanese. Assuming that the Japanese would have even agreed to this, there was no guarantee that the fickle atomic bomb would detonate properly. Assuming that the bomb detonated correctly it would still pose several large problems for America. First and most obvious was that one of the three bombs that were left which were difficult to produce and very expensive to procure had just been used to annihilate an area of no military value at all. Secondly the Japanese might have taken this to mean that the United States lacked the resolve to use such a weapon. Thirdly air defense in cities such as Hiroshima and Nagasaki would have been put on high alert diminishing the chances of a successful nuclear raid. If the bomb failed to detonate, this would spell political disaster for America. Besides looking very foolish, America would have caused even greater diehard sentiments among the Japanese. They (Byrnes and Groves) believed that if it did not come off as advertised, the Japanese would take fresh heart and fight harder and longer. (p.98) Determination to fight to the very end would have grown greatly in the face of that American folly. Had the bomb not detonated properly over Hiroshima its existence would not have been exposed nor would its failure. Falling for several thousand feet the bomb would have reached a terminal velocity of several hundred miles per hour and smashed apart upon impact had the detonator not functioned properly. This was the possibility that the scientist in the Manhattan project could have predict most accurately. President Trumans decision to use atomic weapons on Japanese cities is best described as the lesser of evils. With the options available to him, the atomic bombings proved to have the potential for the least casualties for both sides while ending the war quickly. This policy of maximum violence led to the quick end of the deadlock in Japanese politics. Had such a policy not been used the war could have dragged on for months or perhaps years more with mounting casualties on both sides. The political power of the atomic bomb was unmatched and proved to be the only force that could get the emperor to intervene in Japanese politics and stop the hostilities. The atom bomb proved to be the ultimate ambassador in a war where conventional politics were futile. The Atomic Bomb in World War II Essay Example For Students The Atomic Bomb in World War II Essay The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki marked the end to the worlds largest armed conflict. Many debates have surfaced over the ethics of such an attack. The bomb itself caused massive amounts of casualties while the unknown effects of radiation caused many more deaths amongst the survivors of the blast. Despite the ghastly effects of such a weapon, it offered the best choice for a quick and easy defeat of Japan. President Truman, who authorized the use of the atomic bomb, made a wise decision under the circumstances of the war. The Japanese refusal to surrender, the massive amount of allied casualties involved in invading the Japanese mainland and the ineffectuality of a military blockade in forcing Japan to surrender made the bomb a necessary last resort. There were several conventional methods that were suggested to bring Japan to its knees. These included a naval blockade, an extensive aerial bombardment or an invasion of the island of Japan. We will write a custom essay on The Atomic Bomb in World War II specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Japan posed little or no offensive threat to American forces. Despite this fact the Japanese were the most tenacious and driven of Americas foes throughout the war. The battles for Okinawa, Wake and Guam all were ample testament to the Japanese willingness to die in the face of overwhelming odds. The kamikaze was a perfect example of the Japanese battle attitude. Japanese pilots would strap themselves into planes laden with explosives and fly them into American ships. By the wars conclusion the Japanese kamikaze attacks had sunk 3 aircraft carriers damaged 285 craft and sunk a total of 34. The Japanese also did well in increasing support for the war effort. Both scientist and publicists were in fact powerful instruments inflaming popular hatred against the democratic countries and in regimenting the people into blindly supporting the war of aggrandizement. (p. 100) This resolve would only have been strengthened had American and Russian forces tried to invade Japan. This almost suicidal type of fighting would have resulted in a tremendous amount of casualties for both sides. American casualties alone were projected at 500,000. The amount of deaths caused by an invasion would have easily dwarfed those of the atomic bombings. Air power offered American forces a method of remaining relatively unscathed against the fanatical Japanese military while laying waste to entire cities. This was possible because while Japanese ground forces remained strong, air defenses had been severely weakened. This gave American bombers free reign over the skies of Japan. American bombing raids over Japan were inflicting massive amounts of casualties and causing tremendous damage to Japanese cities. In fact the atomic bombing of Hiroshima or Nagasaki was not as devastating as conventional bombing raids over Tokyo or to previous bombing raids over European cities, most notably Dresden. In March, 1945, our Air Force had launched the first incendiary raid on the Tokyo area. In this raid more damage was done and more casualties were inflicted than was the case at Hiroshima. (p. 99) Therefore it is very plausible that had the atomic weapons not been dropped over Hiroshima and Nagasaki the number of conventional bombings casualties of the continued air raids would have been much greater than those of the atomic bombings. The last credible strategy that would force Japan to surrender would be a naval blockade. This would involve the Navy patrolling the waters around Japan and stopping any supplies from getting through. Japan had sufficient military supplies to fight off an American invasion despite a blockade. This meant that if the blockade were to be successful the Japanese would have to be starved into surrendering. The Japanese mainland could not produce enough food to sustain its massive population for very long. .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc , .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc .postImageUrl , .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc , .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc:hover , .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc:visited , .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc:active { border:0!important; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc:active , .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ucfc7f0c6a68ef11d907f27a3a42647dc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: On Dumpster Diving by Las Eighner Essay Had a blockade been attempted, any remaining food supplies would have been allocated to the military forces leaving the civilian population to starve. This would have lead to a massive amount of deaths due to starvation amongst the civilian population. This strategy would have lead only to the death of civilians and not weakened the Japanese military or brought Japan closer to surrender. The side effects of atomic weaponry had not been discovered at the time that Truman gave the order to drop the bomb over .

Foreign Labor

Foreign Labor Foreign Labor, Is it good for the United States? On April 14, 2000, Nike founder Philip Knight cut off millions of dollars of personal donations to the University of Oregon. This sudden retraction was the result of the University's support of the Worker's Rights Consortium, a somewhat radical organization that doesn't try to cooperate with companies that use foreign labor. Instead, they are resistant to back proposals by companies to improve labor interests because their financial backing comes from American labor unions. These unions are understandably interested in promoting more jobs in America to strengthen families and improve the workplace.This issue reveals a much deeper problem for American companies. Should they use foreign labor? This comes down to the question of what kind of labor they need. If they are using labor that requires high levels of educations and training, it makes sense to use workers in one of the most educated countries in the world.Immigration Debate at Th e Weissberg Forum For Disc...The wages are high, but the productivity is also very high, which is a good investment from a business standpoint.What about industrial and manual labor, which American labor unions are so adamantly committed to defend? From an economic standpoint, it does not make sense to hire Americans for these jobs. These jobs will inherently be low-paying positions because of the minimum skill level required. As an educated nation, a large number of people are overqualified for many of these jobs. With high minimum wages and benefits offered to employees, the cost of many of the industrial goods us as consumers purchase would skyrocket if all the industrial and manual labor requiring jobs were held by Americans. When the cost of labor increases, so does the price of the resultant product. These added costs will contribute to inflation, which will bankrupt a...

How To Write a Diversity Essay

How To Write a Diversity Essay How to write a diversity essay and show your uniqueness We all have something special about us which distinguishes our personalities from others. It is no wonder that often students are given an assignment of writing a diversity essay in order to figure out what makes them stand out in a social environment. Here are some reflections on how to convey your message successfully. How to write a diversity essay and show your uniqueness What is a diversity essay? A diversity essay is aimed to show what is special about you and what value you can bring to the society. Writing a diversity essay, you can tell about yourself and share your personal experience. You can also tell what other person had to deal with when he or she did not fit into the surrounding. Think of how diverse you are We all have something to share with the world which surrounds us. On the one hand, we can be proud of some of our achievements. On the other hand, we can be quite uncomfortable with revealing something that might seem to be unacceptable for our social environment. Perhaps, you moved to another country which has rules that are different from those which you got used to in your previous surrounding. You can simply have unique skills and talents which make you stand out among other students. If you struggle to find something that is special about you, consider the following factors: Race Religion Culture Work experience Socio-economic status Health issues or disability Sexual orientation Hobbies Talents Life and work experience The above factors are just a very limited list of things which make us different from other people, so choose the one which is the most applicable to you. Make sure you remain respectful of other people’s feelings though, especially if your topic concerns political or religious points of view. Questions to ask yourself Here are some questions which you can ask yourself in order to start writing a diversity essay: How your ethnical background enriched you? Did you get a valuable perspective on what happened to you? How a certain illness changed your life? What makes you stand out from the crowd? How you dealt with moving to a different country? What important event changed your life outlook for the better? From the first sight, writing a diversity essay might seem to be a complicated task because you might need to share your fears with others. However, working on this task gives you a unique opportunity to reflect on your background, your personality, your gained skills and natural talents. You do not have to write about things which are too uncomfortable for you. However, showing how you overcome your struggles can demonstrate how capable you are to get over difficulties which, in the end, we all face, regardless of the society dogmas. If you are not sure what to write about, contact us now in order to get advice from our professional essay writer.

Bhopal Disaster Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bhopal Disaster - Case Study Example These include non-compliance with safety rules, lack of employee training to deal with safety standards, location of the plant close to a densely populated area and other reasons that surfaced right after the disaster. Business ethics refers to the corporate philosophy and mindset about the rights, obligations, duties, responsibilities and conduct for doing business. There is no universal principle for ethics, however several theories were proposed. Right after the disaster, Union Carbide (UCC) and their local partners in India, Union Carbide of India Limited (UCIL) started blaming each other and tried to pass the buck in hope of saving themselves for being responsible for the disaster. Hence, they failed to display Duty Ethics that refers to carrying out activities based on objective duties and obligations. The Golden Rule of ethics is to act in a way one wants others to act towards him/her. Similarly, 'the professional ethic' paradigm 'asks to take actions that a disinterested panel of professional colleagues would view as proper' (Laczniak, 1983). The Utilitarian Principle for ethics refers to acting in a way that is best for the greatest number. However, as seen from the case, UCC made no real effort to ethically justify their actions in the Bhopal disaster. Though they maintain that they acted in the best interests of the public after the disaster, yet there is no independent confirmation of this claim. They even failed to pass the TV test as Laczniak (1983) defines as 'Would I feel comfortable explaining to a national TV audience why I took this action' After the disaster, UCC remarked that it 'had never had a presence in India and that UCIL was essentially an autonomous operation' (Sharplin, 1989); although, Browning (1993) explained that 'UCC owned over 50% of the plant that was operated by UCIL'. UCC has never apologised to Indian people regarding the incident and carelessness on behalf of both the principals and the operators. Subsequent forensic investigations identified a serious lack of commitment by management to ensure implementation of health and safety standards at the plant. Many observations were noted by scientists and plant auditors, yet none of these was implemented till the disaster struck. These facts show that the company seriously violated ethical standards of utilitarianism and ethics of duties; they showed lack of respect for a large population of Bhopal and never accepted their responsibility towards doing their jobs, that is to ensure the safety standards at the plant. Corporate Social Responsibility The corporate social responsibility concepts require that companies take the responsibility to ensure the safe and secure environment for the benefit of general public. In addition, these call for establishing a standard to contribute to the society in general, and then compliance with that corporate social policy or standard to enhance the quality of life for general public in the area where a company operates. However, as evident, no such responsibility was exhibited by either

Opinion argument for or against Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Opinion argument for or against - Essay Example provide quality education to as many citizens as possible disregarding their individual peculiarities and enable them to realize their potential. If the gifted students have more potential, they should be able to realise it, and creating special classes seems to be the best way out. Still, there are some problems to be considered. The problem of striking a proper balance between standardization and individualization when deciding if the children should study separately or remain in the "ordinary" class is one of the most topical: [s]tandardizing the assessment procedures, content, and scoring criteria enables those not directly involved in the administration of the assessment to understand the conditions under which the performance occurred and the criteria against which it was scored. Thus, standardization is critical if test scores are to be understood by anyone not intimately knowledgeable about the details of the assessment procedures used to test each student. (Hager & Slocum 2005, 55) However, as the students are all quite diverse, with their own needs and peculiarities, individual approach should also not be neglected. The No Child Left Behind Act states that testing is obligatory for all the American students, including the students with disabilities. (Hager & Slocum 2005, 54) Of course, the problems of choosing an appropriate alternate assessment and the alignment of the "specialized" programs with a general curriculum arise, along with the issue of the ethical character - how reasonable it is to implement high-stakes testing to the students who are less able compared to the rest. As I have mentioned at the beginning of the paper, though I support the idea of giving the talented and motivated kids as much as possible, there are some very important and burning issues that can make this decision unfair and wrong. For me, the reasons for not placing the gifted students into the specialized classes lay in different spheres. First of all, some students who can be evaluated as non-gifted and who have problems learning, could be the victims of a subjective evaluation - their intellect and abilities might be as high as those of the students with higher scores, but there is something that prevents them from showing that (emotional problems, low self-esteem, difficult situations in the family and other personal issues, etc.) There are, however, some problems that are of a more complicated nature. Though steps are being taken to achieve equality between the Americans of different genders, races, and social and economic backgrounds, still the problem of inequality is very burning one. It has been proved by researchers that the students coming from the families of higher social and economic background receive better education in schools, and therefore they tend to have significant advantage as compared to poorer children. Black children, among whom the number of those coming from poor families is much higher than among the white kids, have a limited access to education, and therefore even a

Love and Everyday Life Theory Essay Example for Free

Love and Everyday Life Theory Essay Second, I focus on my first love experience and use the liquid love theory of Bauman to analyze, additional I will discuss why I have this relationship and how can I enjoy it from the theory of Beck, U. and Beck-Gernsheim, E. Third, I will demonstrate my recent real emotion situation and discuss the new forms of love with the theory of Batchelor, S. Fourth, I will integrally analyze the three external love and indicate the self-realisation what I get from the three love experiences also with the theory of Beck, U. and Beck-Gernsheim, E. Before I show the process of my first love relationship, I analyzed that the reason why I intended to start a relationship is that my everyday life was so repeating boring and I did not accept a belief like religion. In addition to it, which is most important, I had no feeling about connecting with other people from any communities. In senior high school, all of the thing I had to or I simply can do by studying in my everyday life. There are no clubs or activities in my senior high school in order to let students focus on studying so that students can get a high grade in the Gaokao. However, I had no interest in studying the boring and actually useless knowledge to deal with the Gaokao. Unfortunately, I was supervised to achieve the assignment like the exercises of universal gravitation commonplace life by teachers and my parents so that I had no chance and time to get a touch with new ideas and beliefs about life. Moreover, I got not so much touch with my classmates which are the most primary community I had because everyone is busy on their studying. Furthermore, I regarded the love as the hope and idealization due to copious propaganda from the media to a certain extent. According to Beck and Beck-Gernsheim (1995), the transition from pre-modern society to modern society accelerated the commodity and individualization process, change the relationship between people and cut people from their traditional ties, beliefs and social connection and religion which are lead by the enlightenment and the industrial revolution. However, with the vanish of our faith and free from the material which make people accept more education and think more about life, love is regarded as a succedaneum replacing the group, becoming the hope and idealization of people, and lead people to believe and devote themselves to it. Hence, it is proved that the reason why I chose to start a relationship with a girl is not naturally there emerged a girl I liked, but I had no value or beliefs or communities to guide my activities according to this theory. Coming from the opposite aspect, after a period time, I started to reduce the time on study, and found that there were other boys like me who are not interested in studying, so we built a group to do something together even cut a class. After that, I would not like starting a relationship imminently. Therefore, this change also supports the theory refers to why people choose to love from an opposite aspect. Nevertheless, it is stated by Beck and Beck-Gernsheim (1995), that divorce figures are extraordinary people who in love or marriage always complain that why living together is so difficult and why cant keep a long and meaningful love. As for this phenomenon, the liquid love theory of Bauman may give an appropriate explanation for it. Finally, I believe that for modern young people, the desire they start a love experience is not only the effect of no beliefs and no communities, but also the propaganda effect of love of contemporary mass media. Combining my earliest love experience and the theory of liquid love, it is a typical liquid love. In the summer after the Gaokao, I went to a tourist attraction when I met my first girlfriend. I met her at an outdoor bar. We began by chatting and drinking, which are similar to the whole people to do in the bar. To a certain extent, this behavior for me may be influenced by the media about what happens in the bar and the environment around us. Then we kept touching with each other after that night. I stayed in that place for a month and before the night I left, we are agreed to start a relationship. The relationship here is not a general relationship in the dictionary because we both knew we were not in the same city, same college and she was two years older than me. However, we did not make a commitment that there is a responsibility between us. After that time and until we broke up, we did not see each other anymore. So the most vital thing is all the approaches we kept contact with are the Internet and the mobile phone. We sent messages and chat on video every day. The conversation content is stereotyped about everyday life in college, and it is irrelevant with commitment. This situation lasts two months and ends up on a meet which may lead us to break up. I went to her site and saw her on a holiday and it is confused that we can talk to each other fluently but at that day there were a obstruct separating our conversation. I think that the obstruct is afraid of responsibility. After that meet, we broke up. It is indicated that this kind of love is defined as the liquid love in the liquid modern society (Lee, 2003). To define liquid love, liquid society is supposed to be introduced. Liquid modernity is proposed by Bauman (2003) that all forms of social construction are rootless and all of the traditional notions are destroyed not to be durable owing to the commodity in liquid modernity society. And in this society some purportedly fixed and indestructible ties of family, class, religion, marriage and perhaps even love arent as reliable or as desirable as they were. Bauman quotes, In a consumer culture like ours, which favours products ready for instant use, quick fixes, instantaneous satisfaction, results calling for no protracted effort, foolproof recipes, all-risk insurance and money-back guarantees. It is summarized that the value and idea people own is influenced by the commercial purpose because except it social hierarchies do not form instantly other society power or beliefs especially in capitalist society which called liquid life. So when targeting consumers accepted the value designed by marketing strategies, the value is only effective for a short period, never extended term because the marketing strategies are transitory and always change. Everyday Life today is filled with elements of liquid, most people cant reject its liquid characteristic. Take the place where I meet the girl, the marketing strategies in bar are encouraging people meet unexpectedly and developing the dubious connection. I was influenced by it and the environment so that I chose to chat with a girl not because I like her so much. Moreover, love is regarded as a consumer goods which are supposed to be yielding like any extra goods people consume. People give themselves the appropriate rights to consume love, something must be given consumers just like expectation from further purchases. Thats a factor why we break up. I expect my goods can be novel, various and disposable, If my love cant satisfy my need for the factors when we pick up and utilize the goods, I will abandon this goods. In a word, the most fundamental elements like families, love and sex are obeying economic rules, In addition to the commodity of love, the most significant character distinguished from traditional love in liquid love is that people are afraid of assuming the responsibilities but they also enjoy the advantages of a relationships. The embody of steering of the responsibilities is not daring to make a binding commitment and use the being connected to replace the relationship. Although it is uncertain whether the communication technologies like the Internet and mobile phone facilitate the less responsibilities relationship and offer a approach for people who do not want to commit themselves to achieve a internet relationships or that emerges is benefited by communication technologies, It is sure that people are willing to accept to be a part of the communication technologies network to avoid the responsibilities. The only tools I used to keep touch with that girl is communication technologies which may offer me more imagination so that we can reduce the quality and quantity in our communication, after all it is not possible that I meet her everyday but just talk about the details in life and not refer to the future and responsibilities of our love. After the break-up, I can jabbered into mobile phones, addictively texted and leaped between kinds of chat room, deleted a date which wrote for my ex-girlfriend without pain. It is summarized that we immediately feel a sense of belonging, like purchasing, I picked her so she is belong to me. From psychology, Bauman (2003) concludes the duality of liquid love, that is, less responsibilities as a balance problem of freedom and security according to Freud. It also confirms the theory of Beck, U. and Beck-Gernsheim, E, I start a love because I want to find a security to make up the lack of communities, however, I chose the liquid love because I want to be free from a relationship. And at the end of this experience, I found he sign of break-up, so I increased the time of video chat and went to her site to see her in order to fix the relationship. Nevertheless, the opposite consequence indicated what Bauman writes. attempts to tame the wayward and domesticate the riotous, to make the unknowable predictable and enchain the free-roaming all such things sound the death knell to love. Ultimately, it is related to a definition problem that is what is love, the cou rage to participate in the process or the process makes us beautiful. Take my experience as a example, My part motivation of being together with the girl is the girl is beautiful and smart so that after I can promote my image and level in love, I can show I have a experience of love and I know what love it is. Love makes me feel beautiful. This refers to a question that what is real love and that the highest form of love is. My decision is not to be the highest form of love, so I start a liquid love. And the question about the different types of love, I will use my second love experience and the four love theory of C. S. Lewis to analyze. According to Lewis (1960), my second love experience is a type of need-love. After the initial love experience, I was single for one year. I felt lonely sometimes especially when my roommates took their girlfriend outside of meal. So I decided to start my second love experience. When I firstly have a touch with this girl just because I thought she is pretty and I had no idea what characteristic this girl has. Afterward I made huge progress rapidly in just few days from chatting in the dinner time or the mobile phone. From we start a relationship to the break-up. It takes less than two months. At this period, the thing we did together every day can be concluded as three types of thing. First, we took the male together every day. Second, we sent good nights to each other every night from mobile phones. Third, she sent gifts or some daily stuff to me when I am busy. As for the break-up factor, I think there is no need-relationship existing for me. I felt bored about this mechanization love experience and we had no communication in sprit. It is typically need-love, what I need is a girl taking care of my life and pass time when I feel lonely, and what she needs may has two aspects. One aspect is someone is nice to her, the other aspect is to be a good girlfriend. She is a traditional girl and the highest standard of morality is being nice to her boyfriend so that it can satisfy her need of achieving value. Once the need is not there, the need-love vanished. According to Lewis (1960), the need love includes kinds of physically, emotionally, intellectually need like sex, avoid to loneliness. For me, it is hard to distinguish if these need is low or high or even all of them are desire. Except the need-love, Lewis (1960) similarly concludes the other two kinds love, that are, gifted-love and appreciate-love. Gift-love can take the love from parents to children for examples, and appreciate-love refer that people decide to continue to give their love to others even though they know they will never enjoy the result of their love. However, critically evaluate the theory of Lewis, there is a paradox. Take my experience for example, the need of this girl is to achieve her morality standard, but the practical way of achieving it is to give, Hence, how to make a differences between gift-love and need love or there is actually no differences between them? Additionally, the appreciate-love is described as higher than need-love and gift-love. Furthermore, the people who bestow appreciate-love may satisfy the need for achieving the value of the highest forms of love and get a self-atonement. Compared with my experience, what are the differences between these two kinds of need? In the final analysis, the need includes both physical and mental. So there is not pleasant to tell the boundary between different kinds of love. The concluding part of this project is to prove that all of these love is means to achieve self-realization and take all of my experience for examples. It is stated by Swartz (2001) that self-realization is an individualization process which free people from limitation by building the conditioned beliefs, opinions, fears, desires, and habits. Meanwhile, Beck, U. and Beck-Gernsheim, E. proposed that love is not equal with fulfilment or even require it, love is a process you can find your real identity. Before my first love experience, I dreamed of having a girlfriend like my elder sister because I have no sisters. Nevertheless I found a girl who is two years older than me. I labeled her as a smart, beautiful, sex independent elder sister, actually the imagination gave me more gratification than the fact. After that I realized that it is the question of myself. So I tried the succeeding love experience, the girl can represent the cute and virtuous types. After I find her some characteristics, I found she is not suitable for me. I realized that how a label can affect myself, I knew my habits generally, and I really knew accurately the need what can satisfy myself. Now, I am single, however, I always think what I need, reconsider my beliefs and conclude my habits. According to Batchelor (1983), being alone is a new form of love that can lead people find themselves into the world. So I can free me from labels and kinds of limitation to find my identity. However, critically evaluate this self-realization theory, it is absolute. If someone identity is to seek the hypocritical label as an approach to satisfy his need, how can he find his real self from love? That indicated that the real self has no standard to define. As a consequence of self-realization during this period, I had an affection for a girl. It is stated by Lewis (1960) that affection is a generalized love, which include the love between people and people, animal or objects, and the most primary feature of affection is familiar, like the child will love a crusty old gardener who is familiar with him rather than a visitor who is making every attempt to win its regard. For me, I know this girl for a long time, I am familiar with her, and I know she almost all advantages and disadvantages. However, I do not label her as which kinds of type any more, I can realize my authentic self from being with her, and I think that I can do a give-love to her. C. S. Lewis quotes, Love, having become a god, becomes a demon. It is can be concluded that this affection can let hate and love existing together, which I am willing to avoid. In conclusion, I show my three loves in this project and conclude them as the archetypal type with the theory of love. First is the liquid love, it has three characteristics: no commitment, commodity and duality. Second is a need-love, however, it is analytically evaluated that there is no strict boundary or differences between gift-love, need-love and appreciate-love.

Betty Smith :: essays research papers

Betty Smith Betty Smith was born Elisabeth Wehner on December 15, 1896. The daughter of German immigrants, she grew up poor in Brooklyn, a world where she re-creates in â€Å" A Tree Grows in Brooklyn.† Wehner later on married fellow Brooklynite George H.E. Smith, where they moved to Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he was a law student at the University of Michigan. The bride son had two daughters, Nancy and Mary, and had to wait until the girls entered school before endeavoring to complete her own education. Although Smith never finished high school, she was permitted to take classes at the university, she focused on her studies in journalism, drama, writing and literature. Smith showing off her knowledge won the Avery Hopkins Award for work in drama, and had a three-year course in playwriting at the Yale Drama School. After writing features for a Detroit newspaper, reading plays for the Federal Theatre Project, and acting in summer stock, Smith than moved to Chapel Hill, North Carolina under the favors of the W.P.A. She and her first husband divorced in 1938. In 1943, she married Joe Jones, a writer, journalist, and associate editor of the Chapel Hill Weekly, while he was serving as a private in the wartime army. That same year, â€Å" A Tree Grows in Brooklyn,† her first novel, was published. The prestige of writing a best-selling, critically lauded a book brought assignments from the New York Times Magazine, which she wrote both light-hearted and serious commentary. In a December 1943 piece called â€Å"Why Brooklyn is that Way,† Smith shown the core of her childhood borough’s unofficial champion. Although most readers remembered for the amazing success of that first book, Smith wrote other novels, including Tomorrow Will Be Better, Maggie-Now, and Joy in the Morning.

Bible Dictionary Project Template Essay

Old Testament Bible Dictionary Project: Genesis is the book of beginnings. It tells the story of the beginning of the human race, in general and the beginning of the Hebrew race. The Hebrew Bible titles the book bereshith (â€Å"in the beginning†) The Author: Moses, and the Recipients: Israelites, Date: 1445 BC. (â€Å"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth† Gen 1:1) Genesis introduces God is an absolute personal being who cares about his creation and the human struggle of the fallen world. God speaks, creates, calls, blesses, promises, and visits his creation. Genesis tells the story of the successes and failures of his people like Adam and Eve, Noah’s family, Abraham and Sarah, Isaac and Rebekah, Jacobs’s wives and his twelve sons. Genesis shows its heroes as they really were. Genesis covers more time than any other biblical book. Genesis also emphasizes the importance of the Abrahamic Covenant, which gave Israel a right to the land (Gen 15: 18-21) the book was written so Moses, generation would trust God by better understanding Israel’s past Heritage, Present Purpose, and Future Destiny as they anticipated entrance into the Promised Land. The first two chapters of Genesis describe Gods original work of creation (Gen 1:1-2:25) The biblical description of creation is â€Å"EX nihilo† (from nothing) The beginning of Genesis is to teach us about the of all that God created and the rest of the book is about Patriarchal History (Gen 11; 10-50:26) Genesis 1 and 2 explain the good within the world, Genesis 3 explains the bad within the world. Genesis quickly moves from the world as God made it, to the world as we know it today. It traces how the human race, spoiled by Adam and Eve’s first sin, steadily deteriorated as it  increasingly ignored God until he decided to wipe out everyone and start over again. Abraham, The adventure begins with the friend of God. His name was Abram, and later he was called Abraham (â€Å"Great Father†) Abraham was from UR. One of the great cities of Sumerian civilization, Abraham worshipped the moon God before he met the living God. Abraham was born (c.1800 BC.) and died at the age of 175, and he was buried in a cave in Hebron. (Gen 13:18, 25: 7-10) When God asked Abraham to help him with his plan for the world, Abraham was 75 years old and his wife Sarah was 65 years old. They didn’t have any children, but God promised them a child of their own if Abraham trusted and believed the plan God had for their life. Abraham left UR, to follow the will that God had planned for his life. So he traveled north until he reached Canaan, the land to which God was leading him. God said if you do this for me, I promise you that you will have your own family and your descendants would become a great nation. (Gen 12:1-3, 15:5) And through him every nation on earth will be blessed through him. (Gen12:3, 18:16-19) So now Abraham was just a wandering traveler of the land that would one day belong to his descendants forever (Gen 15:12-21) However for these promises to come true, Abraham needed a son, and needed to trust in God and God only. Abraham and Sarah got tired of waiting on God, so Abraham fathered Ishmael by the handmaid Hager. That was not Gods plan, it was the plain of Sarah because she did not believe Gods plan. Abraham learned that only God could bring about what had been promised to him. And so it was, at that ripe old age of 90 years old, Abraham’s wife had a son (Isaac) just as God had promised. The Promise and family had begun and everyone was overjoyed. And years later God tested Abraham’s faith in the promise, and asked Abraham to sacrifice his son Isaac, Abraham was afraid but got his son Isaac and told the servants they will return, and so it was. He passed the test of faith. Canaan (KAY nunn), was during the 2nd millennium BC, Its original pre- Israelite inhabitants were called Canaanites. Canaan area variously defined in Historical Biblical Literature, but always centered on Palestine. The human habitation of coastal Canaan can be traced back to Paleolithic and Mesolithic times 8,000 BC, The Promised Land Canaan that was later to be  called (Israel) this is the land God chose for his people. God could have chosen anywhere on earth to start outworking his plan, but chose this tiny land. The land was between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea and north of Philistia, Old name for Palestine. Canaan was a place to potentially influence sitting as it did, at the crossroads of all the great trade routed in the ancient times. In Canaan, God gave Abraham three big promises. That his descendants would become a great nation (Gen 12:1-3, 15:5) That every nation on earth would be blessed through him (Gen 12:3,18:16-19) That the land where he was now just a wandering traveler, would one day belong to his descendants forever (Gen:15:12-21) But God didn’t say it was going to be easy. Before it became the Promised Land. It went though many challenges.† Canaan† Encompassing all of the Palestine and Syria, sometimes only the land west of the Jordon River, and sometimes just a strip of coastal land northward, The Israelites occupied and conquered Palestine or Canaan, beginning in the late 2nd millemium BC. Or perhaps earlier, and the Bible justifies such occupation by identifying Canaan with the Promised Land, the land promised to the Israelites by God. 2013 Ed Hindson ISBN:978-1-4336-8221-6 2006 Mike Beaumont ISBN:978-0-7459-5628-2 2003 Ed Hindson ISBN13:978-089957132-4 ISBN10:0-88957-132-8 2000 Karen Dockrey,Johnnie Godwin ISBN:978-1-57748-485-6

The Consumption of Alcohol by Aboriginal People Is an Important Social Issue in Modern Australia, and as Such This Essay Will Focus on Exploring It in Relation to Current Literature

Course: Bachelor of Applied Social Science ASSESSMENT DETAILS Unit/Module: Introduction to Contemporary Society Assessment Name: Academic Essay Assessment Number: 1 Term & Year: Term 2, 2011 Word Count: 530 DECLARATION I declare that this assessment is my own work, based on my own personal research/study . I also declare that this assessment, nor parts of it, has not been previously submitted for any other unit/module or course, and that I have not copied in part or whole or otherwise plagiarised the work of another student and/or persons. I have read the ACAP Student Plagiarism and Academic Misconduct Policy and understand its implications. I also declare, if this is a practical skills assessment, that a Client/Interviewee Consent Form has been read and signed by both parties, and where applicable parental consent has been obtained. The consumption of Alcohol by Aboriginal people is an important social issue in modern Australia, and as such this essay will focus on exploring it in relation to current literature. Marxist argues that the health status of individuals exist because of inequalities in society and the broader influences of society need to be addressed (van Krieken et al. , 2006). Environmental factors in the human environment are known as the social determinants of health and could include education, health behaviours, employment, social integration, socioeconomic and income. (Health and Ageing, 2009). According to Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), Aboriginals are more disadvantaged compared to non-Indigenous people and socioeconomic factors have been taken into consideration to identify the relationship between alcohol and drug use . Even thou there have been improvements made to a variety of social determinants, statistics still show that Aboriginals have more obstacles to overcome than the non-Indigenous Australians. (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2009). To have a better understanding of the alcohol use among Aboriginals, the historical context needs to be taken into account (van Krieken et al. , 2006). The Aboriginals were exposed to alcohol, preceding the ‘First Fleet’ in 1788 where it’s availability increased remarkably after European contact. After the settlers had introduced alcohol as an exchange for sex and labour it soon became obvious that alcohol had a negative effect (Saggers and Gray, 1998). Aboriginals used alcohol as a ‘remedy-all’ for their pain and many of them used it as an agent to cope with the fact that they were being ruled by non-indigenous people. In the late 19th century laws were brought about to restrict Aboriginals from accessing alcohol. The laws did little to reduce the alcohol consumption but instead excluded Aboriginals from important social activities (Saggers and Gray, 1998). Martin and Brady (2004) suggest that out of fear of being captured and rejected, Aboriginals developed patterns of harmful drinking which continues to this day and have a major impact on their health – whilst the non-Indigenous Australians profited from the sale (Department of Health and Ageing, 2009) A history of social determinants such as social exclusion, a legal framework supporting the removal of children from families, removal from country and racism have influenced the health status of Aboriginals. It was believed that during the colonisation period, Aboriginals were a dying race and a protection policy was implemented. They lost their independence due to this policy which forced them to give up where they lived and how they lived (van Krieken et al. , 2006). After the World War II, a new policy was introduced where Aboriginals were to become one (assimilated) and recognised as part of the Australian population. This included removal of children from their families – which had a disastrous ramifications on Aboriginals way of life and family (van Krieken et al. 2006). In conclusion, we can see that the influence of social factors have had a big impact on the way Aboriginals consume alcohol. As a result the activities and behaviours of Aboriginals need to be seen in it’s historical context and improvements need to be made for the inadequate living arrangement and social state that is being experience by many Aboriginals. References Australian Bureau of Statistics (2 009) National Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander social survey, 2008. Retrieved from http://www. abs. gov. au/ausstats/[email  protected] nsf/mf/4714. 0? OpenDocument Martin D, Brady M (2004) Human rights, drinking rights? : alcohol policy and Indigenous Australians. Lancet; 364(9441), 1282-3 Department of Health and Ageing. (2009, April 20). Men’s Health Policy Information Paper Executive Summary. Retrieved from www. health. gov. au/internet/main/publishing. nsf/ Content/mhipExecSum-09-mhipExecSum-09-ch2 van Krieken, R. , Habibis, D. , Smith, P. Hutchins, B. , Martin, G. & Maton, K. (2006). Sociology (3rd Ed. ). Sydney, Australia: Pearson Education Saggers S, Gray D (1998) Dealing with alcohol: Indigenous usage in Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press ———————– In order to ensure your assessment is correctly identified, the information and declaration below must be copied and pasted on to the title page of each written assessment. You must enter your own details prior to submission.

Free Essays on Concorde

The news was disheartening for people around the world when they came to know about the decision regarding the last scheduled flight of Concorde. For some, the decision was too early and surprisingly, for the others it was a bit late. But, on the whole many people were affected by the decision. Many people kept wondering about the reasons behind such a decision of bidding farewell to all the supersonic passenger jets. In recent years, the overall image of the Concorde has been dramatically changed. As Knight explains, â€Å"Hardly any major industrial or technological project in the modern age has had to suffer the barrage of criticism that has assailed Concorde throughout its life.†1 After looking at the fate of the Concorde, little hope is left for making these supersonic jets available again for the people in near future. There had been a number of reasons for the commercial failure of the Concorde. In the era when there is a struggle for the survival and to minimise the cost of production, the Concorde’s unique travelling experience was an expensive one. Its fuel inefficiency was also of major concern. As Knight argues, â€Å"It must be the only airplane project ever launched without some preliminary understanding with the airlines of what their requirements were and what the market for it might be.†2 The terrorism around the world and the Iraq war were the other major consequences that contributed to the commercial failure of the Concorde. Above all the other things the changing nature of economic climate around the world cannot be ignored. The other factors which affected the Concorde commercially were the noise level, tax, purchase prices and depreciation. If we analyze the reasons behind the commercial failure of the Concorde we can divide the reasons into the direct factors and the indirect factors. One of the significant direct factors has been the crash of an Air France Concorde in Paris in July 2000 which killed mor... Free Essays on Concorde Free Essays on Concorde The news was disheartening for people around the world when they came to know about the decision regarding the last scheduled flight of Concorde. For some, the decision was too early and surprisingly, for the others it was a bit late. But, on the whole many people were affected by the decision. Many people kept wondering about the reasons behind such a decision of bidding farewell to all the supersonic passenger jets. In recent years, the overall image of the Concorde has been dramatically changed. As Knight explains, â€Å"Hardly any major industrial or technological project in the modern age has had to suffer the barrage of criticism that has assailed Concorde throughout its life.†1 After looking at the fate of the Concorde, little hope is left for making these supersonic jets available again for the people in near future. There had been a number of reasons for the commercial failure of the Concorde. In the era when there is a struggle for the survival and to minimise the cost of production, the Concorde’s unique travelling experience was an expensive one. Its fuel inefficiency was also of major concern. As Knight argues, â€Å"It must be the only airplane project ever launched without some preliminary understanding with the airlines of what their requirements were and what the market for it might be.†2 The terrorism around the world and the Iraq war were the other major consequences that contributed to the commercial failure of the Concorde. Above all the other things the changing nature of economic climate around the world cannot be ignored. The other factors which affected the Concorde commercially were the noise level, tax, purchase prices and depreciation. If we analyze the reasons behind the commercial failure of the Concorde we can divide the reasons into the direct factors and the indirect factors. One of the significant direct factors has been the crash of an Air France Concorde in Paris in July 2000 which killed mor...

Is Female Perception of the Body Image Affected by the Media

Is Female Perception of the Body Image Affected by the Media Here is an overview of the body-image issue. Read how magazines and fashion industry determine the standards of the female body. Mass Media Effect on How We Perceive Ourselves America certainly has many problems in its own society – institutionalized racism, poverty, ignorance, teen pregnancy and drug addiction. But another major problem lies within the work of the media, the main means of mass communication (broadcasting, publishing, and the Internet) regarded collectively. The media, whether we realize it or not, dictates what we let into our lives; this certainly affects how we perceive ourselves – because we compare ourselves, and are compared, to celebrities and other people we see in the media. ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY EXAMPLE: DOES VIOLENCE IN THE MEDIA CAUSE VIOLENCE IN CHILDREN? Most times, these celebrities are quite perfect-looking individuals, and so everyday people can have a low self-esteem because of new low body image – and this definitely applies to many adults and most teens, male and female alike. However, in this case, an argument will be made that illustrates how media influence the female perception of the body image. Magazine Pics Install a Lack of Confidence Let’s look at how females are portrayed in publications and on the Internet. Go to a magazine stand – you’ll see attractive, strikingly beautiful women on just about every cover. It’s sickening. This definitely over-sexualizes and objectifies the female beauty. But it’s been that way a long time, though that doesn’t justify why it still exists. Also, on the Internet, in newspaper ads and on billboards in dodgy parts of town, are billions of erotic pictures and videos of women. For young girls and insecure women, this instills a lack of confidence in their own appearance, and a body-image problem emerges. This problem could last a lifetime; maybe it’s the reason they hit the gym, get elective surgery or buy an expensive Italian sports car. Thanks to the media, the American public – heck, the world, too – adores so many of the same people, actors, athletes, and billionaires, that the public feels lost in the midst of things – they feel overlooked, irrelevant and worthless. You are imperfect, permanently and inevitably flawed. And you are beautiful. ? Amy Bloom Secondly, non-skinny, non-model-type women do appear on magazine covers, though, but they are usually overweight, maybe handsome and funny or overweight, plain looking and rich – like Queen Latifah, Oprah, Amy Schumer and Melissa McCarthy. This is terrible for a woman’s body image because it illustrates how – if you are an average-looking woman, maybe a little chubby, without a fortune, and not an actor or media mogul – you aren’t important enough to be on the cover of a magazine. Not that this means anything in the grand scheme of things, but it does happen and will continue to happen as long as the media is running the show and influencing people. Here’s the thing: wealthy billionaires run the media companies, mostly financially supported by the advertiser who depends on the consumer’s purchasing power. A woman with a low body image buys the products advertised to them in commercials hosted by beautiful bombshells of women. They purc hase many things advertised to them in order to fill the void they have created for themselves, deeply instilled by the media. People Can’t Take Their Own Mediocrity Lastly, the two aforementioned points illustrate how media influence the female perception of the body image, and this causes the everyday woman – bombarded by advertisements, commercials, magazine covers, Web articles – to feel inferior to the women they see on TV and in the movies. This is a terrible thing, for it tends to warp the minds of insecure people, men, and women alike, who aren’t confident and comfortable in their own skin, with their own imperfect appearance and body. This is quite tragic. This is perhaps why we still see suicides and homicidal rampages, alcoholic and drug binges – they can’t take their own mediocrity, their lack of celebrity, their ordinariness. We are trained to think, in this culture, that we are nothing if we are not of some renown. TV HAS A NEGATIVE EFFECT ON TEENAGERS To conclude, let’s try hard to address this problem in the future. It’s easy to see how media influence the female’s perception of how they view their bodies, their looks. Women probably assess their value in comparison to the beauty or style or sexual features of a famous female. And because most everyday women in America do not look like Jennifer Aniston or Angelina Jolie, many women feel inadequate and inferior and undesirable. Until the media actively tries to include the everyday American woman in advertisements, magazine covers, billboards and TV shows, America will have this problem – and it could have many socio-economic implications that could point to a shift in confidence, along with many mental-health and low self-esteem problems.

Leadership Vision Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership Vision - Essay Example m and hard work for Stanford R Ovshinsky in accomplishing his vision of making big sheets of thin photovoltaic material that can help to derive electricity from sunlight at a cheaper cost and an alternative for fossil fuels. When Ovshinsky unveiled his vision before 40 years, nobody believed his vision at the initial stage. A vision can be more than a dream which is a motivated view of the future that everyone associated can believe in , which may offer better improvement what that may exist then and one that can realistically be accomplished. Strong, inspiring visions have been culminated with improved performance of the organisation. (Daft & Lane, 2007, p.391). Thus, this essay will look into detail about how leaders direct their insight and wisdom to lead others. The leadership vision is the founding stone of the leader’s view of leadership and sets out the long-run goals of a leader. The vision for leadership surpasses beyond simple perceptive and expectations about the function and role of the leader. It details and captures the preferred future that one visualizes for himself and his team, community or organization. An organization mission is totally diverging from a leader’s vision. Thus, the leadership vision can be described as an expression of what one want to do, establish or create when he assumes in a leader role. Vision details the leader’s philosophy pertaining to leadership and his reason in preferring to be a leader, and it acts as a significant guidepost for the key demeanors that being enacted as a leader. (King et al, 2011, p.50) As per John Gardner, the vision is the essential need of leadership. James Kouzes and Barry Posner view that leaders encourage a shared vision. Warren Bennis is of the view that leaders should have the capability of establishing a persuasive vision, to manage the dream. As per Ken Blanchard, two aspects of the leadership role are having a vision and applying the same in real terms. Margaret Sanger and Martin